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Petronilla of Aragon
Petronilla (29 June〔(Gran Enciclopedia Aragonesa )〕/11 August〔Antonio Ubieto Arteta (1987), ''Historia de Aragón: creación y desarrollo de la corona de Aragón'' (Zaragoza: Anubar), p. 131.〕 1136 – 15 October 1173), whose name is also spelled Petronila or Petronella (Aragonese ''Peyronela'' or ''Payronella'',〔Ana Isabel Lapeña Paúl (2008): "Apéndice III. Ramiro II en la ''Crónica de San Juan de la Peña''". ''Ramiro II de Aragón: el rey monje (1134–1137)''. Gijón: Trea. p. 298. ISBN 978-84-9704-392-2〕 and (カタルーニャ語、バレンシア語:Peronella)), was the Queen of Aragon from the abdication of her father in 1137 until her own abdication in 1164. She was the daughter and successor of Ramiro II by his queen, Agnes. She was the last ruling member of the Jiménez dynasty in Aragon, and by marriage brought the throne to the House of Barcelona.
==Reign==
Petronilla came to the throne through special circumstances. Her father, Ramiro, was bishop of Barbastro-Roda when his brother, Alfonso I, died without an heir in 1134, and left the crown to the three religious military orders. His decision was not respected: the aristocracy of Navarre elected a king of their own, restoring their independence, and the nobility of Aragon raised Ramiro to the throne. As king, he received a papal dispensation to abdicate from his monastic vows in order to secure the succession to the throne. King Ramiro the Monk, as he is known, married Agnes of Aquitaine in 1135; their only child, Petronilla, was born the next year in Huesca. Her marriage was a very important matter of state. The nobility had rejected the proposition of Alfonso VII of Castile to arrange a marriage between Petronilla and his son Sancho and to educate her at his court. When she was just a little over one year old, Petronilla was betrothed in Barbastro on 11 August 1137 to Raymond Berengar IV, Count of Barcelona, who was twenty-three years her senior.〔B. F. Reilly, ''The Kingdom of León-Castilla Under King Alfonso VII, 1126–1157'' (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998), 61.〕 At El Castellar on 13 November, Ramiro abdicated, transferred authority to Ramon Berenguer and returned to monastic life.〔 Ramon Berenger de facto ruled the kingdom using the title of "Prince of the Aragonese" (''princeps Aragonensis'').
In August 1150, when Petronilla was fourteen, the betrothal was ratified at a wedding ceremony held in the city of Lleida.〔Reilly, ''The Kingdom of León-Castilla Under King Alfonso VII'', 109.〕 Petronilla consummated her marriage to Ramon Berenguer in the early part of 1151, when she reached the age of 15. The marriage produced five children: Peter (1152–57), Raymond Berengar (1157–96), Peter (1158–81), Dulce (1160–98) and Sancho (1161–1223). While she was pregnant with the first, on 4 April 1152, she wrote up a will bequeathing her kingdom to her husband in case she did not survive childbirth.〔Reilly, ''The Kingdom of León-Castilla Under King Alfonso VII'', 118.〕
While her husband was away in Provence (1156–57), where he was regent (since 1144) for the young Count Raymond Berengar II, Petronilla remained in Barcelona. Accounting records show her moving between there and Vilamajor and Sant Celoni while presiding over the court in Raymond Berengar's absence.〔T. N. Bisson, ''Fiscal Accounts of Catalonia under the Early Count-Kings (1151–1213)'' (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984), 50.〕
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